Okukozesa polyacrylamide okujjanjaba amazzi ag'omusaayi ag'omusaayi oba ag'omusaayi y'omusaayi enkola ya bulijjo ey'okujjanjaba mu ngeri ey'omubiri n'ey'eby'ekika. Ekikozesebwa okusingira ddala nga coagulant oba flocculant okunyweza enkola ya coagulation/flocculation n'okuggya colloids, solid suspended n'ebintu ebimu eby'omubiri mu leachate.Okukozesa polyacrylamide okujjanjaba amazzi ag'omusaayi ag'omusaayi oba ag'omusaayi y'omusaayi enkola ya bulijjo ey'okujjanjaba mu ngeri ey'omubiri n'ey'eby'ekika. Ekikozesebwa okusingira ddala nga coagulant oba flocculant okunyweza enkola ya coagulation/flocculation n'okuggya colloids, solid suspended n'ebintu ebimu eby'omubiri mu leachate.

Bino bino wammanga bye bintu ebikulu ebikwata ku kukozesa polyacrylamide okujjanjaba ebitundu eby'okusaasaanya ebisaasaanyizo  oba amazzi ag'omusaayi ag'okusaasaanya amasasiro:Bino bino wammanga bye bintu ebikulu ebikwata ku kukozesa polyacrylamide okujjanjaba ebitundu eby'okusaasaanya ebisaasaanyizo  oba amazzi ag'omusaayi ag'okusaasaanya amasasiro:

Omusingi gw'ekikolwa:Omusingi gw'ekikolwa:

Okukyusa amasannyalaze n'okugatta ku mulongo:Okukyusa amasannyalaze n'okugatta ku mulongo:

Ebintu ebikozesebwa mu kussaawo ebirime ebitundu bingi eby'ekika kya colloidal, humus, ebitundu by'obuwuka, n'ebirala.Ebintu ebikozesebwa mu kussaawo ebirime ebitundu bingi eby'ekika kya colloidal, humus, ebitundu by'obuwuka, n'ebirala.

Polyacrylamide (PAM) polymer ey'omutindo ogusingawo ogulina ebibinja bingi eby'okuddamu ku mukutu gwayo ogw'omutindo ogusingawo (okusinziira ku kika: anionic, cationic oba nonionic).Polyacrylamide (PAM) polymer ey'omutindo ogusingawo ogulina ebibinja bingi eby'okuddamu ku mukutu gwayo ogw'omutindo ogusingawo (okusinziira ku kika: anionic, cationic oba nonionic).

Cationic PAM: Ekisinga okukozesebwa mu kujjanjaba ebirungo. Ebibinja ebiriko obuzito obulungi ku mukutu gwakyo ogw'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'Cationic PAM: Ekisinga okukozesebwa mu kujjanjaba ebirungo. Ebibinja ebiriko obuzito obulungi ku mukutu gwakyo ogw'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'ebitundu by'

Ekikozesebwa mu kukwatagana: Enkola ya PAM ey'obubonero obuwanvu esobola oku "kukwatagana" wakati w'ebitundu bingi eby'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'Ekikozesebwa mu kukwatagana: Enkola ya PAM ey'obubonero obuwanvu esobola oku "kukwatagana" wakati w'ebitundu bingi eby'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'obubonero obw'

Omulimu gw'okukwata n'okusaasaanya: Mu nkola y'okukola ebitundu ebinene, kijja kusimba n'okusaasaanya ebintu ebitono ebiriko amaanyi n'ebintu ebiriko amaanyi mu mazzi.Omulimu gw'okukwata n'okusaasaanya: Mu nkola y'okukola ebitundu ebinene, kijja kusimba n'okusaasaanya ebintu ebitono ebiriko amaanyi n'ebintu ebiriko amaanyi mu mazzi.

Ebigendererwa ebikulu eby'okukozesa:Ebigendererwa ebikulu eby'okukozesa:

Okwongera okwawula ebintu eby'amaanyi n'eby'amazzi: Okwongera okulongoosa obulungi mu kuggya ebintu eby'amaanyi n'ebitundu eby'amaanyi ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebirikoOkwongera okwawula ebintu eby'amaanyi n'eby'amazzi: Okwongera okulongoosa obulungi mu kuggya ebintu eby'amaanyi n'ebitundu eby'amaanyi ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko

Okuggyawo ekitundu ky'ebintu eby'obutonde: Ggyawo ebintu eby'obutonde ebigattibwa ne colloids, ebintu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebirikoOkuggyawo ekitundu ky'ebintu eby'obutonde: Ggyawo ebintu eby'obutonde ebigattibwa ne colloids, ebintu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko ebitundu ebiriko

Okwongera ku nkola y'okuggya amazzi mu mazzi: Mu mutendera oguddako ogw'okulongoosa amazzi mu mazzi, PAM era emirundi mingi ekozesebwa mu kuteekawo amazzi mu mazzi okulongoosa enkola y'okuggya amazzi mu mazzi mu mazzi (omuwendo gw'amazzi ogutonotono).Okwongera ku nkola y'okuggya amazzi mu mazzi: Mu mutendera oguddako ogw'okulongoosa amazzi mu mazzi, PAM era emirundi mingi ekozesebwa mu kuteekawo amazzi mu mazzi okulongoosa enkola y'okuggya amazzi mu mazzi mu mazzi (omuwendo gw'amazzi ogutonotono).

Ng'okujjanjaba okusooka: Kitera okuba enkola y'okujjanjaba okusooka oba ey'okujjanjaba obulungi mu nkola yonna ey'okujjanjaba obulungi (gamba nga: okujjanjaba okusooka + okujjanjaba obulungi + okujjanjaba okw'omulembe), ekigendererwa kya kukendeeza ku muwendo gw'ebitundu by'okujjanjaba ebiddako (naddala okujjanjaba obulungi oba okujjanjaNg'okujjanjaba okusooka: Kitera okuba enkola y'okujjanjaba okusooka oba ey'okujjanjaba obulungi mu nkola yonna ey'okujjanjaba obulungi (gamba nga: okujjanjaba okusooka + okujjanjaba obulungi + okujjanjaba okw'omulembe), ekigendererwa kya kukendeeza ku muwendo gw'ebitundu by'okujjanjaba ebiddako (naddala okujjanjaba obulungi oba okujjanja

Okulonda ekika kya PAM:Okulonda ekika kya PAM:

Cationic PAM: Ekika ekisinga okukozesebwa mu kujjanjaba ebisaanyizo. Olw'okuba ebitundu bya colloidal ebiri mu leachate bitera okuba n'obuzito obubi, cationic PAM esobola okuggyawo obuzito bwabwe n'okukola obulungi. Ionicity (charge density) erina okulowoozebwa ng'olonda. Omutindo gw'amazzi ag'okusaasaanya gweyongera okuba ogw'enjawulo era n'omuwendo gwa colloid gweyongera okuba ogw'enjawulo, PAM ey'omutindo ogusingawo ogw'omutindo ogusingawo ogw'omutindo ogusingawo ogw'omutindoCationic PAM: Ekika ekisinga okukozesebwa mu kujjanjaba ebisaanyizo. Olw'okuba ebitundu bya colloidal ebiri mu leachate bitera okuba n'obuzito obubi, cationic PAM esobola okuggyawo obuzito bwabwe n'okukola obulungi. Ionicity (charge density) erina okulowoozebwa ng'olonda. Omutindo gw'amazzi ag'okusaasaanya gweyongera okuba ogw'enjawulo era n'omuwendo gwa colloid gweyongera okuba ogw'enjawulo, PAM ey'omutindo ogusingawo ogw'omutindo ogusingawo ogw'omutindo ogusingawo ogw'omutindo

Anionic PAM: Kiyinza okukozesebwa ng'ekitundu ekiriko ebintu ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko Tekikozesebwa bwokka mu kulya.Anionic PAM: Kiyinza okukozesebwa ng'ekitundu ekiriko ebintu ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko ebirungo ebiriko Tekikozesebwa bwokka mu kulya.

PAM etali ya ionic: Teyewulira ku nkyukakyuka za pH n'omunnyo, naye erina obusobozi bw'okuziyiza amasannyalaze. Esobola okukozesebwa mu byuma ebiriko embeera ez'omutindo gw'amazzi ezirimu obuzibu, enkyukakyuka ennene mu pH oba omunnyo ogusingawo, oba ng'omutindo gw'ebitundu gw'ebitundu gw'ebitundu gw'ebitundu gw'ebitundu gw' Waliwo ebikozesebwa bitono nnyo.PAM etali ya ionic: Teyewulira ku nkyukakyuka za pH n'omunnyo, naye erina obusobozi bw'okuziyiza amasannyalaze. Esobola okukozesebwa mu byuma ebiriko embeera ez'omutindo gw'amazzi ezirimu obuzibu, enkyukakyuka ennene mu pH oba omunnyo ogusingawo, oba ng'omutindo gw'ebitundu gw'ebitundu gw'ebitundu gw'ebitundu gw'ebitundu gw' Waliwo ebikozesebwa bitono nnyo.

Ekikulu: Okugezesa kw'ekitongole oba okugezesa kw'omutendera ku kifo kirina okukolebwa okusobola okumanya ekika kya PAM ekisinga okutuukiriza, ekika kya ionicity n'omutindo ogusinga obulungi. Enkola y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'Ekikulu: Okugezesa kw'ekitongole oba okugezesa kw'omutendera ku kifo kirina okukolebwa okusobola okumanya ekika kya PAM ekisinga okutuukiriza, ekika kya ionicity n'omutindo ogusinga obulungi. Enkola y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa y'

Ebiwandiiko by'okukozesa:Ebiwandiiko by'okukozesa:

Okukozesebwa n'ebikozesebwa mu kukwata ku bintu ebitalina butonde: PAM teritera kukozesebwa yokka, naye nga ekozesebwa awamu n'ebikozesebwa mu kukwata ku bintu ebitalina butonde (nga polyaluminum chloride, polyferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, n'ebirala). Mu ngeri entuufu, ekirungo ekitalina butonde kyongeddwa okusooka okusobola okuziyiza amasannyalaze n'okusaasaanya amasannyalaze, era oluvannyuma PAM eyongeddwa okusobola okusaasaanya okukola ebimuli by'omu alum ebinene era ebinene. Endereeza n'ebbanga ly'okuteekawo eddagala bikulu.Okukozesebwa n'ebikozesebwa mu kukwata ku bintu ebitalina butonde: PAM teritera kukozesebwa yokka, naye nga ekozesebwa awamu n'ebikozesebwa mu kukwata ku bintu ebitalina butonde (nga polyaluminum chloride, polyferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, n'ebirala). Mu ngeri entuufu, ekirungo ekitalina butonde kyongeddwa okusooka okusobola okuziyiza amasannyalaze n'okusaasaanya amasannyalaze, era oluvannyuma PAM eyongeddwa okusobola okusaasaanya okukola ebimuli by'omu alum ebinene era ebinene. Endereeza n'ebbanga ly'okuteekawo eddagala bikulu.

Okunyumirwa n'okuteekateeka: PAM y'ekitundu eky'amaanyi oba powder, ekirina okunyyumirwa mu kyuma eky'omuwendo ogumu (emirundi mingi 0.1%-0.5%) nga tonnayongerwa. Enkola y'okusaasaanya yeetaaga okusaasaanya mpolampola era n'okusaasaanya okusobola okwewala okusaasaanya ("amaaso g'ebyennyanja"). Okutasaanyizibwa okw'amaanyi kujja kukosa nnyo enkola. Amazzi agakyusibwa galina okuba amazzi ag'omukka agayonjo oba amazzi agakozesebwa.Okunyumirwa n'okuteekateeka: PAM y'ekitundu eky'amaanyi oba powder, ekirina okunyyumirwa mu kyuma eky'omuwendo ogumu (emirundi mingi 0.1%-0.5%) nga tonnayongerwa. Enkola y'okusaasaanya yeetaaga okusaasaanya mpolampola era n'okusaasaanya okusobola okwewala okusaasaanya ("amaaso g'ebyennyanja"). Okutasaanyizibwa okw'amaanyi kujja kukosa nnyo enkola. Amazzi agakyusibwa galina okuba amazzi ag'omukka agayonjo oba amazzi agakozesebwa.

Ekifo eky'okuteekawo eddagala n'okugatta: Ekifo eky'okuteekawo eddagala kirina okulondebwa oluvannyuma lw'okukolebwa kw'omubiri okumala era nga tonnayingira mu tanki ya sedimentation oba tanki ya flotation. Ebintu ebituufu eby'okugatta (gamba ng'ebikozesebwa mu kugatta emipiira, okugatta emipiira mu ngeri ey'ekikugu) byetaagisa okusaasaanya amangu era mu ngeri ey'emu ekirungo kya PAM, naye nga tewali kussaasaanya okw'amaanyi okusaanya ebitundu ebikozesebwa.Ekifo eky'okuteekawo eddagala n'okugatta: Ekifo eky'okuteekawo eddagala kirina okulondebwa oluvannyuma lw'okukolebwa kw'omubiri okumala era nga tonnayingira mu tanki ya sedimentation oba tanki ya flotation. Ebintu ebituufu eby'okugatta (gamba ng'ebikozesebwa mu kugatta emipiira, okugatta emipiira mu ngeri ey'ekikugu) byetaagisa okusaasaanya amangu era mu ngeri ey'emu ekirungo kya PAM, naye nga tewali kussaasaanya okw'amaanyi okusaanya ebitundu ebikozesebwa.

Okukola obulungi eddagala: Okutono nnyo tekijja kufuna buvunaanyizibwa; okusingawo si kw'okusaasaanya kyokka, naye era kiyinza okuviirako colloid okuddamu okuteekebwawo (okukyusa omugaso) oba okusaasaanya kw'ebitundu, ekireetawo amazzi ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka.Okukola obulungi eddagala: Okutono nnyo tekijja kufuna buvunaanyizibwa; okusingawo si kw'okusaasaanya kyokka, naye era kiyinza okuviirako colloid okuddamu okuteekebwawo (okukyusa omugaso) oba okusaasaanya kw'ebitundu, ekireetawo amazzi ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka ag'omukka.

Okukyusa omutindo gw'amazzi: omuwendo gwa pH, ebbugumu, omunnyo, ekika ky'ebintu ebirimu obutonde, n'ebirala byonna bijja kukosa ku nkola ya PAM. Omutindo gw'amazzi ag'okusaasaanya gukyuka nnyo era gwetaaga okulondoola n'okukyusa buli kiseera.Okukyusa omutindo gw'amazzi: omuwendo gwa pH, ebbugumu, omunnyo, ekika ky'ebintu ebirimu obutonde, n'ebirala byonna bijja kukosa ku nkola ya PAM. Omutindo gw'amazzi ag'okusaasaanya gukyuka nnyo era gwetaaga okulondoola n'okukyusa buli kiseera.

Ebintu eby'okukyusa: PAM yennyini erina obuwuka obutono, naye monomer yayo acrylamide erina obuwuka bw'omubiri. Ebintu ebirimu ebisigalira bya monomer ebitono ebituukiriza emitindo (nga amazzi ag'okunywa oba obukakafu bw'obutonde) birina okulondebwa. Ennyonyi ezikozesebwa zirimu PAM, era okuggyawo kwayo okw'enkomerero (okusaasaanya ebirime, okwokya, okukozesa eby'obulimi, n'ebirala) kwetaaga okwetegereza ebikolwa ebikwatagana n'obutonde.Ebintu eby'okukyusa: PAM yennyini erina obuwuka obutono, naye monomer yayo acrylamide erina obuwuka bw'omubiri. Ebintu ebirimu ebisigalira bya monomer ebitono ebituukiriza emitindo (nga amazzi ag'okunywa oba obukakafu bw'obutonde) birina okulondebwa. Ennyonyi ezikozesebwa zirimu PAM, era okuggyawo kwayo okw'enkomerero (okusaasaanya ebirime, okwokya, okukozesa eby'obulimi, n'ebirala) kwetaaga okwetegereza ebikolwa ebikwatagana n'obutonde.

Ebikozesebwa n'okukomera:Ebikozesebwa n'okukomera:

Emiganyulo: Okukola okwangu; esobola okuggyawo amangu era obulungi SS, obuzibu, langi n'ekitundu kya COD; okulongoosa enkola y'okusaasaanya ennyonyi n'okusaasaanya amazzi; ssente z'okukozesa zisobola okufugibwa (ng'okukozesa obulungi).Emiganyulo: Okukola okwangu; esobola okuggyawo amangu era obulungi SS, obuzibu, langi n'ekitundu kya COD; okulongoosa enkola y'okusaasaanya ennyonyi n'okusaasaanya amazzi; ssente z'okukozesa zisobola okufugibwa (ng'okukozesa obulungi).

okukomera:okukomera:

Ekisinga okuggyawo ebintu ebikyusa ebitundu eby'ekika kya colloidal n'ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundEkisinga okuggyawo ebintu ebikyusa ebitundu eby'ekika kya colloidal n'ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitundu ebikyusa ebitund

Tekisobola kufuna kunyonoosebwa kwonna n'okufulumya ebirungo eby'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindTekisobola kufuna kunyonoosebwa kwonna n'okufulumya ebirungo eby'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutindo gw'omutind

Ebintu bingi eby'ekika ky'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'Ebintu bingi eby'ekika ky'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'ebika by'

Okukozesa n'ebikolwa by'ebikozesebwa mu by'ekika kino bikosa nnyo ku nkyukakyuka mu mutindo gw'amazzi.Okukozesa n'ebikolwa by'ebikozesebwa mu by'ekika kino bikosa nnyo ku nkyukakyuka mu mutindo gw'amazzi.

Okufulumya:Okufulumya:

Polyacrylamide (naddala ekika kya cationic) kye kiyambi ekikulu eky'okusaasaanya/flocculant bw'onoonyereza ebitundu eby'okusaasaanya. Erina ebikolwa eby'amaanyi mu kukomesa okusaasaanya kw'omukka/okusaasaanya kw'empewo, okuggya colloids n'ebintu ebikalu ebiriko, n'okulongoosa ebikolwa by'omukka. Naye si tekinologiya w'okujjanjaba ow'obwetwaze, naye ekola ng'ekitundu eky'okujjanjaba ekisooka oba eky'okujjanjaba eky'omu kati okuweereza enteekateeka yonna ey'okujjanjaba ebirungo. Ekisungulo mu kukozesa kwayo obulungi kwe kulonda ekika kya PAM ekituufu n'ekika kya ionicity, okufuga obulungi omuwendo, okulongoosa ekifo ky'omuwendo n'embeera z'okugatta, n'okukolagana obulungi n'ebikozesebwa mu kutwala ebirungi n'enkola endala ez'okujjanjaba. Mu nkola ez'omugaso, okugezesa okw'amaanyi kulina okukolebwa okusobola okumanya ebisaanyizo by'enkola ennungi n'okussa essira ku buzibu bw'okulongoosa ennyonyi bwe bifulumya.Polyacrylamide (naddala ekika kya cationic) kye kiyambi ekikulu eky'okusaasaanya/flocculant bw'onoonyereza ebitundu eby'okusaasaanya. Erina ebikolwa eby'amaanyi mu kukomesa okusaasaanya kw'omukka/okusaasaanya kw'empewo, okuggya colloids n'ebintu ebikalu ebiriko, n'okulongoosa ebikolwa by'omukka. Naye si tekinologiya w'okujjanjaba ow'obwetwaze, naye ekola ng'ekitundu eky'okujjanjaba ekisooka oba eky'okujjanjaba eky'omu kati okuweereza enteekateeka yonna ey'okujjanjaba ebirungo. Ekisungulo mu kukozesa kwayo obulungi kwe kulonda ekika kya PAM ekituufu n'ekika kya ionicity, okufuga obulungi omuwendo, okulongoosa ekifo ky'omuwendo n'embeera z'okugatta, n'okukolagana obulungi n'ebikozesebwa mu kutwala ebirungi n'enkola endala ez'okujjanjaba. Mu nkola ez'omugaso, okugezesa okw'amaanyi kulina okukolebwa okusobola okumanya ebisaanyizo by'enkola ennungi n'okussa essira ku buzibu bw'okulongoosa ennyonyi bwe bifulumya.