Amazzi ag'omusaayi agava mu bifo eby'okutta kizibu okugonjoola olw'obungi bw'ebintu ebirimu obutonde, ebintu ebikalu ebiriko obutonde (nga omusaayi, amafuta, enviiri, ebisaanyizo by'ebitundu by'omunda, n'ebirala) n'obuwulo bw'ebyennyanja obw'amaanyi. Polyacrylamide (PAM), nga flocculant ey'omutindo ogusinga obulungi, erina ekifo ekikulu mu kujjanjaba amazzi ag'omusaayi mu bifo by'okutta. Ekitundu kino kijja kunoonyereza ku bintu nga engeri y'amazzi ag'omusaayi, engeri PAM gy'ekola, ensonga ezikulu ez'okulonda, enkola z'okulongoosa, n'okunoonyereza ku mbeera.

I. Ebintu n'Obuzibu bw'Okujjanjaba Amazzi g'Ebisenge ag'Ekizimbe

Omutindo gw'amazzi guzibu: Amazzi ag'omusaayi galimu ebintu bingi eby'omubiri nga protein, amafuta, n'omusaayi, nga galimu COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) ne BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) ez'amaanyi nnyo, era nga galimu amafuta, ebintu ebikalu ebiriko, n'ebitundu bitono eby'ebyuma eby'amaanyi.

Obusobozi bw'amazzi obw'amaanyi naye n'enkyukakyuka ennene: Amazzi ag'omusaayi gakola obulungi, naye omutindo gw'amazzi n'omuwendo gw'amazzi bikosebwa nnyo ebintu nga omuwendo gw'abantu abattibwa n'ekiseera. Enkola y'okujjanjaba erina okuba n'obusobozi obw'okukyusa obulungi. 69.

Viscosity n'langi ez'amaanyi: Amazzi ag'omusaayi ga langi omumyufu-omumyufu era ga viscosity ey'amaanyi, ekikendeeza ku bungi bw'okusaasaanya okw'omubiri oba okulongoosa okw'obutonde.

II. Enkola y'Okukola Polyacrylamide

Polyacrylamide etuuka ku kunyonja amazzi ag'omusaayi okuyita mu nkola zino wammanga:

Enkola y'okukozesa PAM: Enkola ya PAM esobola okukozesa ebitundu ebirimu ebitundu ebirimu ebitundu ebirimu ebitundu ebirimu ebitundu ebirimu ebitundu ebirimu ebitundu ebirimu ebitundu ebirimu ebitundu ebirimu ebitundu ebirimu ebitundu ebirimu ebitund

Okukyusa amasannyalaze: Cationic PAM ekyusa ebitundu bya colloidal ebiriko amasannyalaze ag'obulabe okuyita mu maaso ag'obulungi, okukendeeza ku maanyi ag'okuziyiza n'okutumbula flocculation.

Okukendeeza ku bunene n'okuziyiza: PAM esobola okukendeeza ku bunene bw'amazzi ag'omusaayi n'okulongoosa obulungi bw'emirimu gy'ebitundu eby'okulongoosa ebiddako (gamba ng'okutambuza emipiira n'okutambuza empewo) nga 57%.

Iii. Okulonda n'Okukozesa Polyacrylamide

Okulonda ekifaananyi

Ekika kya anionic (APAM): Kisobola okukozesebwa mu mazzi ag'omusaayi ag'omusaayi ag'omusaayi ag'omusaayi ag'omusaayi ag'omusaayi ag'omusaayi, naddala mu mbeera ezirimu amafuta amatono. Kitera okukozesebwa awamu n'ebikozesebwa mu kukwatagana n'ebikozesebwa mu kukwatagana n'ebikozesebwa mu kukwatagana n'ebikozesebwa mu kukwatagana n'ebikozesebwa mu kukwatagana n'ebikozesebwa mu kukwatagana n'ebikozesebwa mu kukwata

Cationic type (CPAM): Esobola okukozesebwa mu mazzi ag'omu mazzi ag'omu mazzi ag'omu mazzi ag'omu mazzi ag'omu mazzi ag'omu mazzi ag'omu mazzi ag'omu mazzi ag'omu mazzi ag'omu mazzi ag'omu mazzi ag' Kisobola okuggya COD n'okuggya langi, era kisobola okulongoosebwa mu mbeera ez'ebbugumu eritono mu biseera by'obutiti.

Obuzito bwa molekyuli n'omutindo gwa ion: Amazzi ag'amafuta ag'omutindo ogusingawo geetaaga PAM ag'omutindo ogusingawo ogw'obuzito bwa molekyuli n'omutindo gwa ion ogutono. Bw'amazzi ganene, londa ebintu ebirina obuzito bwa molekyuli obutono era n'omutindo ogusingawo.

2. Enkola y'okukozesa omutindo n'okulongoosa omutindo

Enkola esingayo obulungi n'omutindo (emirundi mingi 0.1-0.3% solution) birina okumanyibwa okuyita mu kugezesa kw'ekitongole ekitono okusobola okwewala okwongera okw'amasannyalaze oba okwongera ku bbeeyi.

Kikubirizibwa okukozesebwa awamu n'ebikozesebwa mu kuzimba ebirungo nga PAC okukola "okukozesa ebirungo mu kuzimba ebirungo" n'okulongoosa obulungi bw'okujjanjaba nga 78.

Iv. Enkola z'okukozesa n'okunoonyereza ku mbeera

1. Enkola y'ebikozesebwa mu by'obutonde n'ebikozesebwa mu by'obutonde

Ekitundu eky'okukozesa obulungi: Ekikozesebwa kino kikwata ku bintu ebinene eby'obutabanguko, ekizimbe ekifuga kino kikwata ku bunene era kikwata ku bunene, ekikozesebwa mu kugoba empewo kiyongera PAC ne PAM okuggya amafuta n'ebintu ebinywevu ebiriko, era omuwendo gw'okuggya COD gusobola okutuuka ku 30%.

Ekitundu ky'okujjanjaba mu biochemical: Ekitongole kya hydrolysis acidification kisobozesa ebintu eby'obutonde ebinene mu bintu ebitono, oluvannyuma ne kibyonoona okuyita mu nkola ya A/O (anaerobic-aerobic). Ku nkomerero, okufulumizibwa okw'omutindo ogutuukirizibwa okuyita mu tekinologiya wa chlorine dioxide oxidation oba membrane separation.

2. Enkola y'omusango

Ekisenge ky'ekifo eky'okutta abantu mu ssaza ly'e Henan: Enkola ya "air flotation + anionic PAM+ hydrolysis acidification + contact oxidation" yakkirizibwa, n'omuwendo gw'okuggyawo ebintu ebikalu ebiriko ebitundu ebisukka mu 90%, era COD y'amazzi ag'okusaasaanya yakendeeza okutuuka wansi wa 100 mg/L, nga kituukiriza "Emitindo gy'okusaasaanya ebintu ebikyusa amazzi mu makolero g'okukola ennyama" 78.

Enteekateeka y'okujjanjaba mu bitundu ebiriko ebbugumu eritono mu bukiika kkono: Mu biseera by'obutiti, ongera PAM ey'ekika kya cationic era ogigatte n'tekinologiya wa Fenton oxidation okugonjoola obulungi ekizibu ky'obuwuka obutonotono ku ebbugumu eritono n'okukakasa nti obujjanjabi butuufu.

V. Ebigendererwa n'Ebikozesebwa mu biseera eby'omu maaso

Okugezesa okusooka: Enkola ya PAM erina okusalawo okuyita mu kugezesa ebikopo n'okugezesa okugezesa ku kifo okusobola okwewala okukozesa butereevu enkola ya 28.

Tekinologiya w'okujjanjaba okw'omugaso: PAM erina obukwata obutono ku kuggyawo ebyuma eby'amaanyi era yeetaaga okugattibwa n'enkola y'okusaasaanya ebyuma eby'ekika kya chemical, adsorption oba membrane okusobola okufuna okuyonja okw'omugaso.

Okuggyawo obusaale: Obusale obufulumizibwa okuyita mu flocculation bwetaaga okuggibwawo amazzi (ng'okuyita mu pulaani n'ebikozesebwa mu kukyusa ebifaananyi) okusobola okukozesa eby'obugagga okukendeeza ku buzibu obw'okubiri nga 78%.

Mu biseera eby'omu maaso, olw'okweyongera kw'obwetaavu bw'okukuuma obutonde bw'obutonde, okunoonyereza ku nkyukakyuka za PAM (gamba ng'okulongoosa obuzibu bw'omunnyo n'obuzibu bw'okusaasaanya) n'okugatta kwayo n'enkola z'okufuga ez'amagezi bijja kwonge

Okuyitira mu kulonda obulungi n'okulongoosa enkola, polyacrylamide yalaze emiganyulo egy'amaanyi mu by'enfuna n'obutonde bw'ensi mu kuddamu amazzi ag'omusaayi mu bifo by'okutta, n'ewa obuyambi obw'omugaso mu by'ekikugu eri amakolero okusobola okutuuka ku by'oku